INTRODUCTION Neuromodulators, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, or serotonin, exert
powerful control over neural circuit dynamics that give rise to diverse neural function and …

Calcium imaging with protein-based indicators 1 , 2 is widely used to follow neural activity in
intact nervous systems, but current protein sensors report neural activity at timescales much …

Recent developments in genetically encoded indicators of neural activity (GINAs) have greatly
advanced the field of systems neuroscience. As they are encoded by DNA, GINAs can be …

In vivo calcium imaging from axons provides direct interrogation of afferent neural activity,
informing the neural representations that a local circuit receives. Unlike in somata and …

Calcium imaging with protein-based indicators is widely used to follow neural activity in intact
nervous systems. The popular GCaMP indicators are based on the calcium-binding protein …

How to gauge advertising effectiveness on the web has consumed the thoughts and energy
of many over the last few years. There has been no shortage of press coverage about the …

Cellular diversification is critical for specialized functions of the brain including learning and
memory 1 . Single-cell RNA sequencing facilitates transcriptomic profiling of distinct major …

Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder that causes cognitive impairment. The staggering
effects associated with an extra copy of human chromosome 21 (HSA21) complicates …

A major challenge in neuroscience is to decipher the logic of neural circuitry and to link it to
learning, memory, and behavior. Synaptic transmission is a critical event underlying …

Multiple aspects of neural activity, from neuronal firing to neuromodulator release and signaling,
underlie brain function and ultimately shape animal behavior. The recently developed …