TABLE 10

Violence in Media Content and Advertisement Memory

ModeratorsKeffectsNr95% CISD% Var
Violence in Media Content → Advertising Memory233,382−.25(−.29, −.20).0757.70
Recall152,333−.25(−.31, −.20).0844.60
Recognition  81,049−.23(−.27, −.18).00100.00
Recall—overall  147−.08
Recall—advertising content  71,040−.25(−.32, −.17).0758.71
Recall—brand  71,246−.27(−.35, −.18).1035.09
Recognition—advertising content  3153−.26(−.43, −.09).0780.00
Recognition—brand  5896−.22(−.26, −.18).00100.00
Publication Time Interval
1990s142,266−.20(−.25, −.16).0385.20
2000s  91,116−.34(−.39, −.28).0198.21
Publication Type
Journal articles193,170−.25(−.29, −.21).0658.35
Conference presentations and dissertations  4212−.16(−.32, −.01).0873.95
Research Participants
Children  294−.22(−.43, −.02).0587.47
College students182,652−.23(−.27, −.18).0570.20
Adults  3636−.33(−.43, −.24).0653.17
Advertising Media
Television172,902−.23(−.28, −.18).0755.28
Not television  6480−.35(−.41, −.28).00100.00
Film10692−.29(−.37, −.20).0867.78
Not film132,690−.24(−.28, −.19).0654.07
Brand/Advertising Type
Real brand171,786−.26(−.31, −.21).0577.90
Not specific  61,596−.23(−.31, −.15).0834.91
Product Category
Beverages  3636−.33(−.43, −.24).0653.17
Not beverages202,746−.23(−.27, −.18).0571.63
Food  5730−.32(−.41, −.23).0754.33
Not food182,652−.23(−.27, −.18).0570.20
Personal care  3960−.16(−.17, −.15).00100.00
Not personal care202,422−.28(−.33, −.23).0666.37
Electronics  6480−.35(−.41, −.28).00100.00
Not electronics172,902−.23(−.28, −.18).0755.28
Household112,596−.24(−.29, −.19).0650.57
Not household12786−.28(−.36, −.20).0868.95
  • Note: Keffects = number of effect sizes; N = cumulative sample size; r = reliability-corrected correlation; 95% CI = 95 percent confidence interval; SD = standard deviation; % Var = percentage variance.