RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 E-Cigarette Marketing On Social Networking Sites JF Journal of Advertising Research JO J Advert Res FD WARC SP 242 OP 254 DO 10.2501/JAR-2018-018 VO 59 IS 2 A1 Joe Phua YR 2019 UL http://www.journalofadvertisingresearch.com/content/59/2/242.abstract AB This study examined exposure to three types of e-cigarette marketing—sponsored advertisements, brand pages, and user-created groups—on social networking sites and their influence on health-related outcomes. Results (N = 1,016) indicated that e-cigarette users who joined user-created groups had significantly more negative attitudes toward quitting and lower behavioral control, intention to quit, and self-efficacy than those who were exposed to sponsored advertisements or who followed brand pages. Exposure to two or more types of marketing had an additive effect on health-related outcomes. Social identification, attention to social comparison, and subjective norms also moderated between exposure to e-cigarette marketing and key dependent measures.