RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 If an Advertisement Runs Online And No One Sees It, Is It Still an Ad? JF Journal of Advertising Research JO J Advert Res FD WARC SP 192 OP 199 DO 10.2501/JAR-53-2-192-199 VO 53 IS 2 A1 Stephanie Flosi A1 Gian Fulgoni A1 Andrea Vollman YR 2013 UL http://www.journalofadvertisingresearch.com/content/53/2/192.abstract AB This study presents findings from three charter studies involving leading global advertisers in three key geographical regions: the United States, Europe, and Canada. The goal of the research was to identify and better understand the incidence of sub-optimal digital campaign delivery as it pertains to viewability, audience delivery, geographic targeting, and brand safety. Through an evaluation of the study findings, several significant empirical generalizations emerged, and this article highlights these generalizations and discusses their implications for the digital advertising ecosystem.